mesopotamian god weh mesopotamian god weh

Many scholars believe that the most proper meaning may be He Brings into Existence Whatever Exists (Yahweh-Asher-Yahweh). The way the Yahweh line was interpreted further supported the concept of Yahweh as the god of the Israelites alone since Mesha claims to have taken the Israelite god's vessels as tribute to his own. A woman of the Levite tribe among the Israelites hides her son and then sends him downriver in a basket to be found by pharaoh's daughter, who adopts him; this child is Moses (Exodus 2:1-10). World History Encyclopedia is a non-profit organization. Adad - The mesopotamian Weather God. atumdug was a goddess from the early pantheon of Lagash. Kusarikku ("bison man") was a creature depicted as a human-faced bison standing on its hind legs. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. As a result, their interactions escalate into one form of conflict or another. In Isaiah 54:16, Yahweh is explicitly mentioned as the creator of both the copperworker and his workSuch an involvement of Yahweh is never mentioned elsewhere for other crafts or human activities. Ereshkigal, Ninazu, Ningishzida, Tishpak; Bamu ("venomous snake") was a mythical horned snake who played an apotropaic role in Mesopotamian religion. Related Content [11] During the Hellenistic period, the scriptures were translated into Greek by the Jews of the Egyptian diaspora. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. Verffentlicht am 28.02.2023 um 21:00 Uhr. In some cases, he was denoted as a consort of Nammu. [3] The origins of his worship reach at least to the early Iron Age, and likely to the Late Bronze Age if not somewhat earlier,[4] and in the oldest biblical literature he possesses attributes typically ascribed to weather and war deities, fructifying the land and leading the heavenly army against Israel's enemies. [12] In these texts, he is often mentioned alongside traditional Graeco-Roman deities and Egyptian deities. Jewish God Yahweh Originated in Canaanite Vulcan, Says New Theory by Ariel David, On the Origins of Yahweh: A Response to Martin Leuenberger, Yahweh, the Canaanite God of Metallurgy? Sumugan (also spelled Sumuqan) or akkan was a god associated with quadrupeds, In Assyrian mythology, Tashmetu is the divine consort of, Tutu was the tutelary god of Borsippa at least between Ur III. Nisaba was originally a goddess of grain and agriculture. Cruda, funesta smania / Donizetti; Thine alone ; Ah, sweet mystery / Herbert; Zaz. ", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yahweh&oldid=1140709404, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 10:40. [65] Shiloh, Bethel, Gilgal, Mizpah, Ramah and Dan were also major sites for festivals, sacrifices, the making of vows, private rituals, and the adjudication of legal disputes. Mammitum was one of the goddesses who could be identified as the wife of Nergal. Yahweh the Destroyer: On the Meaning of Heath D. Dewrell. Yes, the clouds dropped water. Ura is the earliest attested consort of Anu, as evidenced by Sumerian texts dating to the third millennium BCE. Thus Genesis 4:16, attributed by literary critics to the so-called `Yahwistic' source, traces the worship of Yahweh back to the earliest days of the human race, while other passages trace the revelation and worship of Yahweh back to Moses [in the Book of Exodus]. The words at the top of the list are the ones most associated with sumerians, and as you go down the relatedness becomes more slight. They said something about how Yahweh was derived from a Sumerian god named Yah, and a Mesopotamian god Weh. Dagan was the main god of the middle Euphrates area, regarded as a god of prosperity. Moses never reaches the promised land of Canaan himself owing to a misunderstanding he has with Yahweh in which he strikes a rock for water when he was not supposed to (Numbers 20) but he turns over leadership to his right-hand-man Joshua who then leads his people in the conquest of Canaan as directed by Yahweh. Nergal was associated with the Underworld. (111). (Deuteronomy 33:26-28), There is almost no agreement on his origins. Recently, Rick vanquished one of an implied multitude of Zeuses over some misguided paternity issues. "Yahweh." Erragal, also known as Errakal, is a relatively rarely-attested deity who was usually regarded as a form of Erra, Gareus was a god introduced to Uruk during late antiquity by the. Cookie Notice Nabarbi ("she of Nawar") was Hurrian goddess possibly analogous to Belet Nagar. According to Mesopotamian sources, such as the god list. Anatu means an intuitive woman who is sensitive, passionate, and introspective. [11] After the Temple was destroyed in 70 CE the original pronunciation of the tetragrammaton was forgotten.[11]. Mamu or Mamud was the daughter of Aya and Shamash. I was wondering if anyone knew if this was true and could explain to me like Im five one way or the other? [51], In 587/6BCE Jerusalem fell to the Neo-Babylonians, the Temple was destroyed, and the leadership of the community were deported. Aralu A nether-world that is expansive, but dark and gloomy. [10] When reading from the scriptures, Jews began to substitute the divine name with the word adonai (), meaning "Lord". Hahharnum and Hayyashum were the Mesopotamian adaptation of Hurrian words for heaven and earth, In Mesopotamia, the cult of Herakles was syncretised with the cults of Nergal and the Persian deity, Humban was an Elamite god associated with the concept of kingship and divine protection (, abrtum was a goddess understood as either "she of. In Mesopotamian texts, Dumuzi is described as the son of Enki, the god of water, and the brother of Geshtinanna, the goddess of agriculture and dream interpretation. when you marched out of the field of Edom, ", Ninhursag ("Mistress of the mountain ranges". An was believed to be a sky god, and was initially regarded to be the Lord of the Heavens, or the supreme deity of the Sumerian pantheon. The biblical narrative, however, is not as straightforward as it may seem as it also includes reference to the Canaanite god El whose name is directly referenced in `Israel' (He Who Struggles with God or He Who Perseveres with God). [13] The shortened forms "Yeho-" and "Yo-" appear in personal names and in phrases such as "Hallelujah! The name YHWH, consisting of the sequence of consonants Yod, Heh, Waw, and Heh, is known as the tetragrammaton. The character and power of Yahweh were codified following the Babylonian Captivity of the 6th century BCE and the Hebrew scriptures were canonized during the Second Temple Period (c. 515 BCE-70 CE) to include the concept of a messiah whom Yahweh would send to the Jewish people to lead and redeem them. We have 73 individual gods listed in the Mesopotamian pantheon of gods and spirits. [8], Towards the end of the Babylonian captivity, the very existence of foreign gods was denied, and Yahweh was proclaimed as the creator of the cosmos and the one true God of all the world,[9] giving birth to Judaism, which has c. 1415 million adherents today. His name is composed of four Hebrew consonants (YHWH, known as the Tetragrammaton) which the prophet Moses is said to have revealed to his people. 2. Yahweh[a] was an ancient Levantine deity that became the national god of ancient Israel and Judah. 6:1-6). He was known as the god of wisdom, magic, crafts, and healing. A number of superhero comics have featured the Mesopotamian gods (or at least beings using their names) as gods, demons, gods degenerated into demons, or Ancient Astronauts.Their resemblance to their depictions in the original myths varies. [30] It follows that if the Kenite hypothesis is to be maintained then it must be assumed that the Israelites encountered Yahweh (and the Midianites/Kenites) inside Israel and through their association with the earliest political leaders of Israel. If you include nicknames, official titles and honorifics, some gods have hundreds of names! An The god of heaven, An, was believed to have been conceived by the Sumerians as the supreme ruler of the pantheon. Terracotta figurines of Athena are known from Seleucid Babylon. The personal name of God was probably known long before the time of Moses. [40], In the earliest Biblical literature Yahweh has characteristics of a storm-god typical of ancient Near Eastern myths, marching out from a region to the south or south-east of Israel with the heavenly host of stars and planets that make up his army to do battle with the enemies of his people Israel:[17], Yahweh, when you went out of Seir, Enki, also known as Ea, was the Mesopotamian god of water and wisdom. Emesh is a farmer deity in the Sumerian poem. The Sumerian script is known as cuneiform, which, incidentally, is a relatively modern term originating from the early 18 th century. It appears in every book but Esther, Ecclesiastes, and the Song of Songs. The Assyrian Empire fell to an invading force of Babylonians, Medes, and others in 612 BCE and the Babylonians claimed the region of Canaan. World History Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. The Shasu (also given as Shashu) were a Semitic, nomadic people described as outlaws or bandits by the Egyptians and, in fact, they are named on the column of the temple at Soleb among Egypt's other enemies and appear later, in an inscription from the reign of Ramesses II (r. 1279-1213 BCE), as among the pharaoh's enemies at the Battle of Kadesh. Rabbinic sources suggest that, by the Second Temple period, the name of God was pronounced only once a year, by the high priest, on the Day of Atonement.[15]. Please support World History Encyclopedia. In time, this practice evolved into worship of deities such as El, Asherah, Baal, Utu-Shamash, and Yahweh among others. Ereshkigal was the queen of the Mesopotamian Underworld. 1. [11], Yahweh is also invoked in Papyrus Amherst 63, and in Jewish or Jewish-influenced Greco-Egyptian magical texts from the 1st to 5th century CE. The mountains quaked at Yahwehs presence, She was introduced in Mesopotamia in the Ur III period as an independent deity. According to Sumerian poetry, the goddess Ninmah acted as a midwife. Initially, the people of Canaan, including the Israelites, practiced a form of ancestor worship in which they venerated the god of the father or the god of the house, in addition to paying homage to their earthly ancestors, in an effort to establish individual tribal and family connections (van der Toorn, 177). the earth trembled, the sky also dropped. Many years later, when the Israelites have grown too populous for the Egyptians, an unnamed pharaoh orders them to be enslaved and makes their lives harsh (Exodus 1-14). Mesopotamian Gods Family Tree UsefulCharts 1.38M subscribers Subscribe 24K Share 1M views 1 year ago Watch Mythology with Mike's video about Ishtar: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Anpre.. While in texts from cities such as Nippur Ura was an earth goddess, in Dilbat it was the name of an unrelated male god, husband of Ninegal, who served as the city's tutelary deity. When the temple was destroyed and the kingdom sacked, the Jewish clergy had to find some reason for the tragedy and concluded it was because they had not paid enough attention to Yahweh and had angered him through the acknowledgement and worship of other gods. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. Meskilak was a Dilmunite goddess and the wife of Inzak. This in itself suggests a shift in cultural prominence from the ancient Sumerians to the later Babylonians. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. [61] A number of scholars have also drawn the conclusion that infant sacrifice, whether to the underworld deity Molech or to Yahweh himself, was a part of Israelite/Judahite religion until the reforms of King Josiah in the late 7th century BCE. Even so, the Israelite population continues to grow and so pharaoh orders all male infants killed (Exodus 1:15-22). Kulullu ("fish man") was an apotropaic creature depicted a centaur-like fish-man. [9] [10] As such, cult statues were given constant care and attention [11] [9] and a set of priests were assigned to tend to them. Thanks in advanced for any information on the origins of this specific sky wizard's name :) This thread is archived Even the final edited form of Genesis II Kings [in the Bible] presents diverse views on the matter. Gazbaba was a goddess closely associated with Nanaya, like her connected with erotic love. World History Encyclopedia. Reading of the theonym LUM-ma is unclear. Indeed, the meaning of Yahweh's name appears to have been a problem in search of an explanation even during the time when the Hebrew Bible was still being composed. The oldest mention of Yahweh was long held to be the Moabite Stone (also known as the Mesha Stele) erected by King Mesha of Moab to celebrate his victory over Israel in c. 840 BCE. Yahweh, according to Amzallag, was transformed from one god among many to the supreme deity by the Israelites in the Iron Age (c.1200-930 BCE) when iron replaced bronze and the copper smelters, whose craft was seen as a kind of transformative magic, lost their unique status. ), long fingers and fingernails, and the feet of, Ninazu, Ningishzida; Tishpak; Marduk, Nabu; Ashur. Damu was a god who presides over healing and medicine. [36] Although the Biblical account draws a clear distinction between Israelites and Canaanites in this period, and this was followed in early scholarship, the modern consensus is that there was no distinction in language or material culture between these groups and scholars accordingly define Israelite culture as a subset of Canaanite culture. Lahmu ("hairy one") was a type of apotropaic creature. For the modern Jewish conception of Yahweh, see, Neo-Babylonian and Persian Periods (586332BCE), The Cambridge History of Judaism: The Late Roman-Rabbinic Period p 779 William David Davies, Louis Finkelstein, Steven T. Katz 2006 "(BT Kidd 7ia) The historical picture described above is probably wrong because the Divine Names were a priestly Name was one of the climaxes of the Sacred Service: it was entrusted exclusively to the High Priest once a year on the". Running a website with millions of readers every month is expensive. "God said to Moses, 'I am who I am.' And he said, 'Say this to the people of Israel: "I am has sent me to you."' Ninimma was a courtier of Enlil regarded as his scribe and sometimes as the nurse of his children. Shara was a local deity associated with the city of Umma, where his main temple was the E-mah. Sumer (not Sumeria, which wasn't a thing) is the southern part of Mesopotamia (so that's like saying "a Texan god named Yah and an American god named Weh"). The oldest mention of Yahweh dates to the reign of the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III - 1386-1353 BCE. Firstly, Sumeria is in Mesopotamia. Ninlil was the wife of Enlil, the ruler of the gods. Anu was represented by the number 60, Enlil by 50, Ea by 40, Sin, the moon god, by 30, Shamash by 20, Ishtar by 15, and Adad, the god of storms, by 6. (Deuteronomy 32:8-9, Masoretic Text). The three main gods were Ea (Sumerian: Enki), the god of wisdom and magic,. Enki and Ninki were two primordial beings who were regarded as the first generation among the. Sign up for our free weekly email newsletter! The Bible does mention other nations worshipping Yahweh and how the god arrived from Edom to help the Israelites in warfare (Deuteronomy 33:2, Judges 5:4-5) but this is not the central narrative. Not only will Uumgallu ("prime venomous snake") was an apotropaic snake monster similar to bamu. View Rude Words. Thirdly, there is not a god named "Way" it's Ea, and it's debatable that they would be pronounced the same, there is no evidence that they're spelled the same. Annunitum ("the martial one") was initially an epithet of Ishtar, Asarluhi was originally a local god of the village of Kuara, which was located near the city of. Agade - Mesopotamian City. and you shall tread on their backs". Enlilazi was a minor god regarded as the "superintendent of Ekur. Lugal-irra and Meslamta-ea are a set of twin gods who were worshipped in the village of Kisiga, located in northern. He is generally involved in the creation of the world and/or the creation of humans. Barbiere di Siviglia. This is the time in Jewish history known as the Babylonian Captivity (c. 598-538 BCE). Enmesharra was a minor deity of the underworld. These included El, the ruler of the pantheon,[39] Asherah, his consort, and Baal. Zababa was a war god who served as the tutelary deity of Kish. As it has been established they were a nomadic people, attempts have been made to link them with the Hebrews and with the Habiru, a group of renegades in the Levant, but these claims have been refuted. Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout (University of Wisconsin), Merlot (California State University), OER Commons and the School Library Journal. The Book of Amos is a prophetic book of the Hebrew Bible largely Did The Judeo-Christian God Once Have A Wife Named Asherah? He was the son of Anu and was derived from an earlier Sumerian God, Iskur. The Sumerians regarded Inzak as the chief god of the Dilmunite pantheon. The Moabite Stone was discovered in 1868 in modern-day Jordan and the find published in 1870. [12], A coin issued by Pompey to celebrate his successful conquest of Judaea showed a kneeling, bearded figure grasping a branch (a common Roman symbol of submission) subtitled BACCHIVS IVDAEVS, which may be translated as either "The Jewish Bacchus" or "Bacchus the Judaean". Particularly compelling are his arguments from biblical passages and the archaeological evidence cited from the ruins of the mines of Timna. The Bull of Heaven is a mythical beast that Ishtar demands from her father Anu in both the Sumerian poem, Girtablullu were creatures with the upper body of a human (. Enkimdu is described as the "lord of dike and canal". Adad or Hadad - the God of Storm and Rain The Mesopotamian storm god varied from place to place. While the great gods of the pantheon were worshipped by priests at . Nanshe was a goddess associated with the state of Lagash, Ninazu was a god regarded as either the son of. Levine, Lee I. Judaism and Hellenism in Antiquity: Conflict or Confluence? Although Christian scholars after the Renaissance and Reformation periods used the term Jehovah for YHWH, in the 19th and 20th centuries biblical scholars again began to use the form Yahweh. Scholar Nissim Amzallag, of Ben-Gurion University, disagrees with the claim that Yahweh's origins are obscure and argues that the deity was originally a god of the forge and patron of metallurgists during the Bronze Age (c. 3500-1200 BCE). [20] One scholarly theory is that he originated in a shortened form of el yahw abat, "El who creates the hosts",[21] but this phrase is nowhere attested either inside or outside the Bible, and the two gods are in any case quite dissimilar, with El being elderly and paternal and lacking Yahweh's association with the storm and battles. Detail, Noah Window, ChartresWalwyn (CC BY-NC-SA). An Elamite goddess regarded as analogous to Ishtar by modern researchers. Panigingarra was a god worshiped in Adab who was the son of Ninhursag and Shulpa'e. His association with the forge, and with imagery of fire, smoke, and smiting, worked as well in describing a god of storms and war and so Yahweh's character changed from a deity of transformation to one of conquest. [67] There is no universally accepted explanation for such aniconism, and a number of recent scholars have argued that Yahweh was in fact represented prior to the reforms of Hezekiah and Josiah late in the monarchic period: to quote one study, "[a]n early aniconism, de facto or otherwise, is purely a projection of the post-exilic imagination". Ki was a Sumerian goddess who was the personification of the earth. They did not, however, embrace monotheism at this time. a descendant). Many legendary characters have more than one name. Ishkur, later known as Adad or Hadad (from the root *hdd, "to thunder". Kingaludda was a demon whose name means "director of the storm.". [81] Jews themselves frequently used symbols that were also associated with Dionysus such as kylixes, amphorae, leaves of ivy, and clusters of grapes, a similarity Plutarch used to argue that Jews worshipped a hypostasized form of Bacchus-Dionysus. Lamashtu was a goddess with the "head of a lion, the teeth of a donkey, naked breasts, a hairy body, hands stained (with blood? This article was most recently revised and updated by. The deities of Sumer were usually associated with aspects of nature, such as fertility of the fields and livestock. The meaning of the personal name of the Israelite God has been variously interpreted. Nanna, Enzu or Zuen ("Lord of Wisdom") in Sumerian, later altered as Suen and Sin in Akkadian. Lugaldukuga was the father of Enlil in some traditions, Nammu is the primordial goddess who, in some Sumerian traditions, was said to have given birth to both An and, Ama-arhus (Nin-amaaruu; "(lady) compassionate mother") was a sparsely attested Mesopotamian divinity, explained as a title of the medicine goddess, Amasagnudi was the wife of Papsukkal in the god list, Amashilama was the daughter of Ninazu and his wife, Antu is a goddess who was invented during the. Humhum was a minor god worshiped in Dr-arruku (also known as Sippar-Aruru) in northern Babylonia. Simut was an Elamite god associated with Mars, Umbidaki was a god worshiped in the temple of Ishtar of, Nintinugga, "mistress who revives the dead," worshiped in Ninlil's temple in Nippur, Ninisina, who in addition to her primary role was also the goddess of Isin. [12] A freelance writer and former part-time Professor of Philosophy at Marist College, New York, Joshua J. [62] Sacrifice was presumably complemented by the singing or recital of psalms, but again the details are scant. Mark, Joshua J.. [54] In 539BCE Babylon in turn fell to the Persian conqueror Cyrus the Great, the exiles were given permission to return (although only a minority did so), and by about 500BCE the Temple was rebuilt. Uur-amssu was one of the deities regarded as children of Adad and Shala. 4. Wer was a weather god worshiped chiefly in northern Babylonia and in Assyria. Question about yahweh after watching rick and morty. [42] Each kingdom had its own national god:[42] Chemosh was the god of the Moabites, Milcom the god of the Ammonites, Qaus the god of the Edomites, and Yahweh the god of Israel. [28] An answer many scholars consider plausible is the Kenite hypothesis, which holds that traders brought Yahweh to Israel along the caravan routes between Egypt and Canaan. Erra is a warlike god who is associated with pestilence and violence. [59] These probably pre-dated the arrival of the Yahweh religion,[59] but they became linked to events in the national mythos of Israel: Passover with the exodus from Egypt, Shavuot with the law-giving at Mount Sinai, and Sukkot with the wilderness wanderings. God, Devil, 100, 666 - To calculate gematria values) View Rude Words. What are the seven gods of Mesopotamia? Yahweh was an ancient Levantine deity that became the national god of ancient Israel and Judah. 40:3), and in another part of this book, Yahweh is even explicitly mentioned as being a smelter (Ezek. Enki, later known as Ea, and also occasionally referred to as Nudimmud or Niniku, was the god of the subterranean freshwater ocean. Ninurta, also known as Ningirsu, was a Mesopotamian warrior deity who was worshipped in Sumer from the very earliest times. The descriptions of Yahweh appearing as a pillar of fire by night and cloud by day as well as the other fire-imagery from the Book of Exodus were interpreted by some scholars as suggesting a storm god or weather-deity and, particularly, a desert god since Yahweh is able to direct Moses to water sources (Exodus 17:6 and Numbers 20). The reading of the name of this goddess, NIN.SAR (possibly to be understood as "Lady Herbs"), is uncertain, -ebarzida temple in Ur and other temples in, Ninsun was a goddess whose name can be understood as "lady of the wild cows.". Ninegal or Ninegalla, known in Akkadian as Belet Ekallim. In the earliest Biblical literature Yahweh is a storm-god typical of ancient Near Eastern myths, marching out from a region to the south or south-east of Israel with the heavenly host of stars and planets that make up his army to do battle with the enemies of his people Israel: [17], There is none like God, O Jeshurun [a name for Israel] World History Publishing is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. [73], Yahweh is frequently invoked in Graeco-Roman magical texts dating from the 2nd century BCE to the 5th century CE, most notably in the Greek Magical Papyri,[74] under the names Iao, Adonai, Sabaoth, and Eloai. Viel Spa beim Verlieben mit: MARC BROUSSARDMARKO HIETALA / OAK / SEEING THINGS / AORTES / OLD FOREST / KRBHOLZ / A BLACK RAINBOW / THE BOSSHOSS / MEZZROW / APHYXION / IMMINENCE / STARBENDERS / THE . Thus, the tribe of Levi, to which Moses belonged, probably knew the name Yahweh, which originally may have been (in its short form Yo, Yah, or Yahu) a religious invocation of no precise meaning evoked by the mysterious and awesome splendour of the manifestation of the holy. But one of these names stands alone, and that name is Yahweh. Yahweh, name for the God of the Israelites, representing the biblical pronunciation of "YHWH," the Hebrew name revealed to Moses in the book of Exodus. During times of peace, the tribes will have depended heavily on Baal in his various local forms to ensure fertility. Abraham's initial community was developed by his son Isaac and then his grandson Jacob (also known as Israel). Books For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. [60] His worship presumably involved sacrifice, but many scholars have concluded that the rituals detailed in Leviticus 116, with their stress on purity and atonement, were introduced only after the Babylonian exile, and that in reality any head of a family was able to offer sacrifice as occasion demanded. For this reason, the Sumerian god was also known by the title Lord of the Sweet Waters. Yahweh was one of the Egyptian gods: Yah, a god represented as a cow by whom she (the gender of the cow; the male is a bull) would be impregnated by Weh to form a son (not Jesus--he is an invention of the invading Apiru from India. assem paramur traduco undeviceni tenuit in Hebrew Gematria equals 2575: a 1 s 90 s 90 e 5 m 30 0 p 60 a 1 r 80 a 1 m 30 u 200 r 80 0 t 100 r 80 a 1 d 4 u 200 c 3 o 50 0 u 200 n 40 d 4 e 5 v 700 i 9 c 3 e 5 n 40 i 9 0 t 100 e 5 n 40 u . In the late middle ages, `Yahweh' came to be changed to `Jehovah' by Christian monks, a name commonly in use today. As the first extra-biblical inscription found to mention Yahweh, much was made of the discovery as the stele reported the same event from the biblical narrative of II Kings 3 in which Mesha the Moabite rebels against Israel (though with the major difference of the stele claiming a Moabite victory and the Bible claiming Israel the winner). [66], Yahweh-worship was famously aniconic, meaning that the god was not depicted by a statue or other image. [29] This ties together various points of data, such as the absence of Yahweh from Canaan, his links with Edom and Midian in the biblical stories, and the Kenite or Midianite ties of Moses,[28] but its major weaknesses are that the majority of Israelites were firmly rooted in Palestine, while the historical role of Moses is highly problematic. and our Pabilshag was a god whose worship is attested from the Early Dynastic Period onwards. Corrections? The seven gods of Mesopotamia are: An, the supreme god, ancestor to all other deities, and personification of the sky; Enlil, god of air, wind, storms,.